Test 10

Task 1. READING

Read the text below. Mach choices (A - H) to (1 – 5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

(1) _________You may think the Golden Gate Bridge was named for its orange color. But it is named for the body of water that it crosses — the Golden Gate Strait. The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County, California.

(2) _________

Joseph Strauss designed' the bridge. It opened in 1937. The Golden Gate Bridge extends 1,280 meters across the water. It was the longest suspension bridge in the world until 1964. That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City. Still, the Golden Gate Bridge has become famous around the world. And many people consider it to be the most beautiful bridge structure in the world.

(3) _________

The Brooklyn Bridge is much older than the Golden Gate. It was one of the first great suspension bridges. It was built between 1869 and 1883. John Augustus Roebling designed the bridge. But he died as a result of an accident at the start of its construction.

(4) _________

His son, Washington Roebling, replaced him as chief engineer. But he became sick while working underwater. Washington Roebling was not able to go to the construction area. Yet he continued to direct the operations through his wife, Emily.

(5) _________

The Brooklyn Bridge links Brooklyn with Manhattan Island. It extends 486 meters over the East River. It was the longest bridge in the world until the Firth of Forth cantilever bridge was built in Scotland in 1890. Today, thousands of cars, trucks, bicycles and people cross the Brooklyn Bridge every day.

Task 2. READING

Read the text below. For questions (6 – 11) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

THE THREE PURSESA Legend by William S. Walsh

When Saint Nicholas was Bishop of Myra, there were among his people three beautiful maidens, daughters of a nobleman. Their father was so poor that he could not afford to give them dowries, and as in that land no maid might marry without a dowry, so these three maidens could not wed the youths who loved them.

At last the father became so very poor that he no longer had money with which to buy food or clothes for his daughters, and he was overcome by shame and sorrow. As for the daughters they wept continually, for they were both cold and hungry.

One day Saint Nicholas heard of the sad state of this noble family. So at night, when the maidens were asleep, and the father was watching, sorrowful and lonely, the good saint took a handful of gold, and, tying it in a purse, set off for the nobleman’s house. Creeping to the open window he threw the purse into the chamber, so that it fell on the bed of the sleeping maidens.

The father picked up the purse, and when he opened it and saw the gold, he rejoiced greatly, and awakened his daughters. He gave most of the gold to his eldest child for a dowry, and thus she was enabled to wed the young man whom she loved.

A few days later Saint Nicholas filled another purse with gold, and, as before, went by night to the nobleman’s house, and tossed the purse through the open window. Thus the second daughter was enabled to marry the young man whom she loved.

Now, the nobleman felt very grateful to the unknown one who threw purses of gold into his room and he longed to know who his benefactor was and to thank him. So the next night he watched beneath the open window. And when all was dark, lo! good Saint Nicholas came for the third time, carrying a silken purse filled with gold, and as he was about to throw it on the youngest maiden’s bed, the nobleman caught him by his robe, crying:—

«Oh, good Saint Nicholas! why do you hide yourself thus?»

And he kissed the saint’s hands and feet, but Saint Nicholas, overcome with confusion at having his good deed discovered, begged the nobleman to tell no man what had happened.

Thus the nobleman’s third daughter was enabled to marry the young man whom she loved; and she and her father and her two sisters lived happily for the remainder of their lives.

Task 3. READING

Read the text below. Mach choices (A - H) to (12 – 16). There are two choices you do not need to use.

(12)_________The world knows many masterpieces of landscape gardening. But speaking about the Sofiyivka we can say it is one of the most beautiful among them. Few works of landscape architecture we can meet in the number of legends and romantic stories connected with dark alleys and heaps of rocks. They speak to those who know how to look and to listen. Our guide, a man of about thirty, started with the history of the museum. The whole group was listening with the interest.

(13)_________

Once upon a time in the late 18th century, there lived a Polish Count named Stanislav Potocki, who had many lands and serfs in central Ukraine. It was in Yasi that he met his future wife Sofiya, the beautiful daughter of a poor Greek merchant. Sofiya’s mother sent her daughter to Warsaw to find a rich husband. But she got married to a Russian officer and came to Ukraine. Returning to Ukraine, Stanislav decided to embody his love for Sofiya in the park that still stands to this day, but which he never saw completed.

(14)_________

Sofiyivka park covers 45 hectares; it was not easy to build it. There was used the art of its time, and the design of the landscape was nice enough. We walked along an alley leading to an elegantly constructed Flora Pavilion. Swans and monuments of kissing couples could be seen on a pond. Then there was the beautiful Snake fountain, whose waters washed the surrounding grounds. The atmosphere is that of a romantic fairytale.

(15)_________

Behind the Flora Pavilion lies the Valley of the Giants. Huge megaliths located in beautiful settings make visitors feel the power of nature.

(16)_________

There is the river Styx, 224 meters long. Taking a boat from the Dead Lake, one floats through complete darkness, with the exception of four windows in the granite ceiling: Childhood, Youth, Adulthood and Death.

Task 4. READING

Read the text below. Choose from (A - H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are three choices you do not need to use.

Ecology is one of the most important sciences now as the world is in great danger, the danger of death. The rate of the pollution of the surrounding environment is so high that the scientists think it will soon lead to (17)________. One of the main problems now is the progressing disappearing of many animal species all over the world. Fauna is the vital part of the environment and has the function not only of being food and fur but of being (18)________. Animals are not less important than people in nature.

Animals are the part of so called wild nature. They used to survive in very hard conditions because of their well-developed senses. They used to kill what is quite natural as most of them are predators. They are very strong creatures, but can you imagine they are helpless against people with their new technologies. The fact is that animals became the object of use for people and what is the saddest they became (19)________.

All over the world we can observe so called zoos where we have the possibility to see (20)________. The whole families come with their children to have a fun there. They can walk around and watch animals in the cages, look into their sad and lonely eyes. Do people like suffering so much? They just don’t think about (21)________, they just have a fun watching those strange creatures being caged. In extreme danger there are monkeys now. They are the main actors of a circus and a funny inhabitants of a zoo. Children like them most of all, they are so nice. But if only children can read all the pain in the eyes of a monkey, they would simply cry. Not only monkeys like freedom, all the animals do.

The conditions under which animals are used in a zoo are often terrible. But if the conditions are the best in the world each of us would die in the cage. Animals also have different diseases and they suffer of it too. But people all over the world try to help animals in cages. They fight against illegal exploitation of animals especially of rare ones. People organize various groups and companies which cure and protect our little brothers. (22)________ is famous all over the world for its activity in this field.

Task 5. USE OF ENGLISH

Read the text below. For questions (23 – 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

I do not think it possible for many people at the age of six to be able to (23)________ their future with any (24)________. However, at that age I felt confident enough to inform my mother that I (25)________ to have my own zoo and moreover, I added, I would give her a cottage in the grounds to live in. If my mother had been an American (26)________, she would probably have (27)________ to the nearest psychiatrist; however, being fairly phlegmatic, she merely said she thought that it would be lovely and (28)________ forgot all about it. She should have been warned since, from the age of two, I had been (29)________matchboxes and my pockets with a (30)________ variety of the smaller fauna that came on my way, so the progress from a matchbox to a zoo could have been (31)________. It is nice to record (32)________ that, before she died, I had (33)________ promise and taken her to live in my zoo, not in a cottage but in a (34)________.

(Gerald Durrell)

Task 6. USE OF ENGLISH

Read the text below. For questions (35 – 46) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Papyrus, a sedge (Cyperus papyrus), now almost extinct in Egypt, was universally used in antiquity as the hieroglyphic symbol for Lower Egypt and a common motif in art. The roots (35)________ as fuel; the pith (36)________. The stem (37)________ for sandals, boats, twine, boxes, mats, sails, cloth and most notably as a writing material (used in Egypt until the introduction of paper there in the 8th century was exported throughout the Mediterranean world). This writing material, also (38)________ papyrus, (39)________ into sheets by laying lengthwise slices of the sedge side by side in two layers at right angles and (40)________ them together with an adhesive probably (41)________ of their own juices and Nile water. The sheets (42)________ end to end and rolled on wooden rods to form manuscripts. Many examples (43)________, especially in Egypt, which (44)________ valuable literary and historical matter in Greek and other languages. The science of papyrology (45)________ with the study of these documents. Papyrus (46)________ in the division Magnoliophyta, class Liliopsida, order Cyperales, family Cyperaceae.

WRITING

Compare two of your friends in the written form using the plan below.

1.The difference in both friends’ appearance.

2.Common and different features of their characters.

3.Their likes and dislikes.

3.1.The clothing style.

3.2.The tastes in music and films.

3.3.Hobbies.

4.Compare their attitude to studying.

5.Compare their achievements.

Write at least 100 words.