Test 9

Task 1

READING

Read the text below. Mach choices (A - H) to (1 – 5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

Painters use a number of materials to produce the effects they desire. These include the materials of the surface, or ground; the pigments employed; the binder, or medium, in which the colour is mixed; and its diluting agent. Among the various media used by artists are fresco, water-colour, oil, distemper, gouache, tempera, and encaustic. In addition to these, painting properly embraces many other techniques ordinarily associated with drawing, a term that is often used to refer to the linear aspects of the same art.

(1) _________

If painting and drawing are not always clearly distinguishable from each other, both are to be distinguished from the print (or work of graphic art), in which the design is not produced directly but is transferred from another surface to that which it decorates. While the print may be one of many identical works, the painting or drawing is always unique. Painting has been freely combined with many other arts, including sculpture, architecture, and, in the modern era, photography.

(2) _________

In ancient Greece and medieval Europe most buildings and sculptures were painted; nearly all of the ancient decoration has been lost, but some works from Egypt have preserved their coloring and give us an insight into the importance such an art can assume. The art of painting in China was linked from the 1st century AD with the development of the Buddhist faith.

(3) _________

Highly spiritualized in concept, the medieval painting tradition gave way to a more worldly orientation with the development of Renaissance art. The murals of Giotto became a vehicle for the expression of new and living ideas and sentiments. At the height of the Renaissance a large proportion of the works were decorations of walls and altarpieces, which were necessarily conceived in terms of their part in a larger decorative whole and their appeal for a large public. The greatest masterpieces of Raphael and Michelangelo and of the Florentine masters are generally public works of this character.

(4) _________

Basing their art on the technical contributions of the Renaissance, e.g., the study of perspective and anatomy, the baroque masters added a virtuosity of execution and a style of unparalleled drama. From the age of the rococo, painting tended in the direction of greater intimacy. It is noteworthy, for example, that many of the masterpieces of the 19th cent., and particularly of impressionism, are small easel paintings suitable for the private home. The same period saw the rise of the large public gallery with both temporary and permanent exhibitions, an institution greatly expanded in the 20th cent.

(5) _________

A reawakened interest in mural painting and the contributions of painting to such arts as the motion picture and video have led some to believe that a return to a greater emphasis on the public functions of the art is taking place. Such a view can find support in the notable influence of abstract painting in the fields of industrial and architectural design. This art also continues to enjoy undiminished popularity in the home and gallery. Painting has had a long and glorious world history as an independent art.

A The peculiarities of modern art.
B The visual impression as a priority.
C What is left from the distant past.
D The marvelous art of Persia.
E The dissimilar pictures.
F The revival of art.
G The varieties of painting and techniques.
H The novelty of the Ukrainian painting.

Task 2

READING

Read the text below. For questions (6 – 11) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

THE CHRISTMAS ROSE

An Old Legend by Lizzie Deas

When the Magi laid their rich offerings of myrrh, frankincense, and gold, by the bed of the sleeping Christ Child, legend says that a shepherd maiden stood outside the door quietly weeping.

She, too, had sought the Christ Child. She, too, desired to bring him gifts. But she had nothing to offer, for she was very poor indeed. In vain she had searched the countryside over for one little flower to bring Him, but she could find neither bloom nor leaf, for the winter had been cold.

And as she stood there weeping, an angel passing saw her sorrow, and stooping he brushed aside the snow at her feet. And there sprang up on the spot a cluster of beautiful winter roses,—waxen white with pink.

«Nor myrrh, nor frankincense, nor gold», said the angel, «is offering more sweet for the Christ Child than these pure Christmas Roses».

Joyfully the shepherd maiden gathered the flowers and made her offering to the Holy Child.

6. The legend is based on...
A the old sagas
B the Bible
C the epics
D the Persian literature
7. What offerings did the Magi lay?
A gold and flowers
B myrrh, gold and flowers
C frankincense, myrrh and flowers
D gold, myrrh and frankincense
8. Why did a shepherd maiden stand outside and weep?
A she was hurt
B her mother died
C she had no present for Christ
D she couldn’t come in
9. What a little girl was searching over the countryside?
A snow
B a flower
C a tree
D the Child
10. Why did she not find any flower around?
A it was winter
B it was too hot
C it was too dark
D it rained
11. The girl has found ... roses.
A white with blue
B pink with yellow
C red with velvet
D white with pink

Task 3

READING

Read the text below. Mach choices (A - H) to (12 – 16). There are two choices you do not need to use.

WHERE COCOA IS GROWN

(12)_________

The cacao tree needs a constant high temperature, heavy rainfall and the right kind of rich soil to grow properly. These conditions are found only in the countries that lie between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.

(13)_________

Cocoa originally grew only in the forests of Central and South America, but it is now cultivated in the wet lowland areas of many tropical countries. Most of the world’s cocoa is now produced in African countries, such as Ghana, Nigeria and the Ivory Coast, but large amounts are also grown in Brazil, Indonesia and the islands of the Caribbean.

(14)_________

Cocoa is often grown on large plantations, owned by large companies, and employing hundreds of local people. But some cocoa is still grown on small family farms, where friends, relatives and children lend a hand at harvest time, when the pods have to be cut, stacked and split by hand.

(15)_________

All today’s cacao trees are descended from seeds taken from the Amazon jungle, and cultivated on new plantations in other parts of the world, to feed the ever-growing demand for cocoa and chocolate.

(16)_________

Ghana, for example, is now a major cocoa-producing country, but cacao trees did not always grow there. Today’s huge modem industry is the result of a journey that was made by a West African blacksmith, called Tetteh Quarshie.

A The amazing traveling result.
B Harvesting by farm enterprises and families.
C Widening the areas.
D The place of supply.
E The favorable conditions.
F The single surviving plant.
G Cocoa trees were grown in plantations by the Aztecs.
H The story of cocoa begins with cocoa trees.

Task 4

READING

Read the text below. Choose from (A - H) the one which best fits each space (17-22). There are three choices you do not need to use.

The Olympic Games have (17)________. They began in 777 BC in Greece and took place every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olimpia. They included many different kinds of sports: running, boxing, wrestling, etc. All the cities in Greece sent their best athletes to Olimpia to compete in the Games. For the period of the Games all the wars stopped. So the Olympic Games (18)________

In 394 AD the Games were abolished and were not renewed until many centuries later.

In 1894, a Frenchman, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, addressed all the sports governing bodies and (19)________.

Two years later the first modem Olympic Games took place. Of course, the competitions were held in Greece (20)________.

In 1896 the International Olympic Committee was set up. It is (21)________ of the Olympic movement. It is formed by the representatives of all countries which take part in the Olympic Games. The International Olympic Committee(22)________ and the city-host for the Games. Over one hundred and fifty countries are represented in the International Olympic Committee now. Besides, each country has its National Olympic Committee.

Summer and Winter Games are held separately. There are always several cities wishing to host the Games. The most suitable is selected by the International Committee.

After that the city of the Games starts preparations for the competitions, constructs new sports facilities, stadiums, hotels, press centres. Thousands of athletes, journalists and guests come to the Games, and it takes great efforts to arrange everything. There is always an interesting cultural programme of concerts, exhibitions, festivals, etc., for each Games.

A the materials of the surface
B pointed out the significance of sports and its educational value
C a very long history
D decides upon the programme of the games, the number of the participants
E became the symbol of peace and friendship
F the painting or drawing is always unique
G the central policy-making body
H to symbolize the continuation of the centuries-old tradition

Task 5

USE OF ENGLISH

Read the text below. For questions (23 – 34) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

At six thirteen a.m. on Friday morning Lucy Angkatell’s big blue eyes opened upon another day and as always, she was at once (23)________ awake and began immediately to deal with the problems conjured up by her incredibly active (24)________. Feeling urgently the need of consultation and conversation, and (25)________ for the purpose her young cousin, Midge Hardcastle, who had (26)________ at The Hollow the night before, Lady Angkatell slipped quickly out of bed and went along the (27)________ to Midge’s room. Since she was a woman of rapid thought processes, Lady Angkatell, as was her invariable custom, commenced the conversation in her own mind, (28)________ Midge’s answers out of her own fertile imagination.The conversation was in full (29)________ when Lady Angkatell flung open Midge’s door.

«— And so, darling, you really must agree that the weekend is going to (30)__________ difficulties!»

«Eh? Hwah!» Midge grunted inarticulately, (31)________ thus abruptly from a satisfying and deep sleep.

Lady Angkatell crossed to the window, opening the shutters and jerking up the blind with a brisk movement, letting in the pale light of a September dawn.

«Birds!» she observed, peering with kindly pleasure (32)________ the pane. «So sweet».

«What?»

«Well, at any (33)________, the weather isn’t going to be bad. It looks (34)________ it had set in fine. That’s something. Because if a lot of discordant personalities are boxed up indoors, I’m sure you will agree with me that it makes it ten times worse».

(Agatha Christie)

A B C D
23 full fast hard wide
24 thought mind idea temperament
25 electing appointing selecting deciding
26 got came reached arrived
27 passage path way aisle
28 enriching donating supplying granting
29 swing stretch time length
30 present award reward introduce
31 risen raised aroused rose
32 through inside beyond across
33 rate way case pace
34 likely as though just as if

Task 6

USE OF ENGLISH

Read the text below. For questions (35 – 46) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

A new Congress session begins on the 3rd of January each odd number year and continues for two years. A Congressman must work long and hard. But most of their work (35)________ in committee meetings. Here bills (36)________, experts are consulted, and recommendations (37)________ to the whole House of Senate. During a two year term of a Congress, as many as 20000 bills are introduced. There are 16 ‘standing’ or permanent committees in the Senate, and 22 in the House. They accept and improve some bills, but reject most of them. For a bill (38)________ a law it must (39)________, studied in committees, commented on and amended in the Senate or House chamber in which it was introduced. It is then (40)________ upon. If it passes, it (41)________ to the other house where a similar procedure (42)________. Members of both houses work together in «conference committees» if the chambers (43)________ different versions of the same bill. Groups who try to persuade Congressmen to vote for or against a bill (44)________ as «lobbies». When both houses of Congress pass a bill on which they agree, it is (45)________ to the president for his signature. If President (46)________, he vetoes and refusing to sign it, and sends it back to Congress. President’s objections are read and debated. To overcome the President’s veto, the bill must get a 2/3 majority in each chamber.

A B C D
35 is done do does done
36 be studied studied are studied study
37 make are made made was made
38 will become became to become becomes
39 were read read be read was read
40 voted vote be voted votes
41 was sent is sent sent send
42 occur occurs occured be occured
43 passed pass have passed has passed
44 knew known know are known
45 is sent sent send was sent
46 to disapprove disapproves disapprove disapproved


WRITING

Write down the business letter to your partners informing them about the conference. Use the plan below. Write a letter of at least 100 words. Do not write any dates and addresses.

Dear partners,

1.The title and the date of the conference.

2.The place where the conference will be held.

3.The information about the participants.

4.The aim and the topic of the conference.

5.The main ideas and points of the conference.

6.The time limits and breaks.

It will be nice to see you at our conference.

With regards,

Mr/Mrs...



1.E; 2.C; 3.F; 4.B; 5.A; 6.B; 7.D; 8.C; 9.D; 10.A; 11.D; 12.E; 13.C; 14.B; 15.D; 16.A; 17.C; 18.E; 19.В; 20.H; 21.G; 22.D; 23.D; 24.В; 25.C; 26.D; 27.A; 28.C; 29.В; 30.A; З1.В; 32.A; 33.A; 34.В; 35.А; 36.С; 37.В; 38.D; 39.С; 40.А; 41.В; 42.В; 43.С; 44.D; 45.А; 46.В

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