uk
enЗНО основна сесія 2012
Task 1. Reading
Read the text below. Match choices (A – H) to (1 – 5). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Body Language
1 ________
Shaking hands is a polite gesture indicating friendship and acceptance. At one time, however, meeting with a stranger aroused suspicion and fear. To prevent each other from suddenly attacking, strangers joined right hands as a pledge of non-aggression, thus demonstrating that neither party was about to use a weapon. Handshaking is now the activity practised by both men and women not only to greet one another, but to seal a contract as well.
2 ________
The American “OK” sign, the joining of the thumb and forefinger in a circle, indicates that all is well or perfect. The “OK” sign acquired its modern connotation from the ancient world, wherein the circle itself was one of the oldest and most common symbols for perfection. The verbal expression “OK” is native to the United States and was formed in support of the letter “O” indicating that something was as perfect as a circle.
3 ________
When not used in hitchhiking, the thumbs-up gesture in American culture typically indicates “I like that”, while the thumbs-down gesture indicates your negative feelings towards something. The gesture has been linked to the time of the Roman arena, where the emperor supposedly orderedlife or deathfor a gladiator by turning thumbs up or thumbs down.
4 ________
Crossing one’s fingers serves as protection from bad luck or from the penalties associated with lying. Thus, when people wish for good luck, they cross their fingers, and when they wish not to be held accountable for a lie, they cross their fingers and hide their arms behind their backs to not let on that they are lying.
5 ________
By sticking out their tongues, people react to situations that may be unpleasant for them. Such displays indicate laughing or rejection. For example, children often stick out their tongues to tease each other. Or, they may also stick out their tongues in reaction to activities requiring close concentration; hence, the tongue-showing of children focused on their homework.
A Cover bad breath
B Show that you are wrong
C Show that everything is fine
D Indicate approval or disapproval
E Making fun or just being focused
F Indicating a feeling of helplessness
G Guard against negative consequences
H Demonstrate your peaceful intentions
Task 2. Reading
Read the text below. For questions (6 – 10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Generation Gap
As president of the Walt Disney Company’s children’s book and magazine publishing unit, Russell Hampton knows a thing or two about teenagers. Or he thought as much until he was driving his 14-year-old daughter, Katie, and two friends to a play last year in Los Angeles.
“Katie and her friends were sitting in the back seat talking to each otherabout some movie star; I think it was Orlando Bloom,” recalled Mr. Hampton. “I made some comment about him, I don’t remember exactly what, but I got the typical teenager sigh and Katie rolled her eyes at me as if to say, ‘Oh Dad, you are so out of it.’ ”
After that, the back-seat chattering stopped. When Mr. Hampton looked into his rearview mirror he saw his daughter sending a text message on her cellphone. “Katie, you shouldn’t be texting all the time,” Mr. Hampton recalled telling her.
“Your friends are there. It’s rude.” Katie rolled her eyes again.
“But, Dad, we’re texting each other,” she replied. “I don’t want you to hear what I’m saying.” Mr. Hampton turned his attention back to the freeway. It’s a common scene these days, one playing out in cars, kitchens and bedrooms acrossthe country.
Children increasingly rely on personal technological devices like cellphonesto define themselves and create social circles apart from their families, changing the way they communicate with their parents. Adults and teenagers alike found a form of easy communication unknown to the inventor of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell, and his daughters.
Andthecomputer,alongwiththeInternet,hasgivenevenveryyoung children virtual lives distinctly separate from those of their parents and siblings. Socialpsychologistswhohavestudiedthesocialimpactofmobile communications, say these trends are likely to continue as cellphones turn into minihand-heldcomputers,socialnetworkingdevicesandpint-sizedmovie screens.
“For kids it has become an identity-shaping and psyche-changing object,” Ms. Turkle said. “No one creates a new technology really understanding how itwill be used or how it can change a society.”
6. What is mentioned in the text about Russell Hampton?
A He is professionally engaged in film production.
B He used to think he understood youngsters.
C He finds it hard to drive with kids chatting.
D He felt hurt by his daughter’s impolite reaction.
7. Why did Katie and her friends stop chattering in the car?
A Mr. Hampton ordered them to be quiet.
B They did not want to distract the driver.
C They wanted to keep their conversation private.
D They did not have anything else to talk about.
8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A Mr. Hampton tried to teach his daughter good manners.
B Katie was sceptical about her father’s views and remarks.
C The generation gap has deepened due to technological advances.
D It was easy for Alexander Bell to communicate with his daughters.
9. What can one conclude about modern children from the text?
A They use the Internet to hide their identity.
B They run away from present-day reality.
C They use cellphones to form their own community.
D They prefer texting to any other forms of communication.
10. What is stated in the text about technology developers?
A They can rarely predict the effect of their inventions.
B They should follow the advice of social psychologists.
C They concentrate their efforts on mini computers.
D They try to bridge the generation gap with their gadgets.
Task 3. Reading
Read the texts below. Match choices (A – H) to (11 – 16). There are three choices you do not need to use.
11 _________
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12 _________
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13 _________
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14 _________
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15 _________
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16 _________
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The following advertisement offers ________.
A tours perfectly suited for single travellers
B a travel by a modern comfortable plane
C you to participate in a treasure hunt
D an opportunity to discover Europe by train
E sightseeing tours round some ancient cities
F you to plan your own city sightseeing tour
G a chance to experience new places on foot
H exciting cruises aboard a racing yacht
Task 4. Reading
Read the text below. Choose from (A–H) the one which best fits each space (17–22). There are two choices you do not need to use.
Lollipop Men and Women
In Britain someone helping children cross the street is called “lollipop person”, because their sign looks like a lollipop.
The job of a lollipop person is to walk to the middle of the road at a suitable time, (17) ________ ; it is a legal requirement for traffic (18)________. The lollipop man/lady will signal that it is all right (19) ________. Traffic may only move once the sign has been lowered.
Generally speaking, school crossings are manned for approximately 3 hours a day or less. As a result, the work has always appealed more to people who were just seeking (20) ________ such as the retired.
Lollypop people were introduced (21) ________, who had previously run crossing patrols, to perform other duties. The earliest lollipops were red and black rectangles printed with “Stop, Children Crossing”.
In 2001 in Europe patrollers were given extra powers allowing them (22) ________. The most recent change in the history of the School Crossing Patrolsaw the word “children” replaced with a symbol to bring the UK in line with the rest of the EU.
A to stop at this command
B to enable policemen
C awarding the lollypop lady
D holding up the sign
E to cross the road safely
F to assist adults with crossing, too
G to supplement their income
H doing away with the practice
Task 5. USE OF ENGLISH
Read the text below. For questions (23–32) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Harry Potter Film Takes $16 8m to Break Ticket Records
The (23) ________ Harry Potter movie has shattered box office records inthe US and Canada, taking $168m over its opening weekend.
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 had already made $92.1m on its opening day, said the film’s distributor, Warner Bros. The (24) _________opening weekend record was held (25) ________ Batman film The Dark Knight,(26) ________ took $10m.
The Potter film is the eighth movie in the hugely popular franchise. Fans around the world(27)________ for hours to be among the first to see the film, which was based on the second part of JK Rowling’s seventh and final book in the series.
Most cinemas were showing the film in 3D, which slightly increased theticket (28) ________. The (29) ________ Potter film series has so far earned morethan£4bnworldwide, notincludingthefinalfilm’stakingssofar. Internationally, the film had taken $157.5m by Friday. “A billion dollars is(30) ________ goingtohappen,”saidDanFellman,headofdomesticdistribution at Warner Bros. It has been 10 years (31) ________ the first movie in the series, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, was (32) ________. It made stars of its young cast, Daniel Radcliffe, Emma Watson and Rupert Grint.
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A | B | C | D |
| 23 | past | definitive | final | complete |
| 24 | initial | previous | first | eventual |
| 25 | by | on | with | over |
| 26 | when | which | what | who |
| 27 | hoped | imagined | held | queued |
| 28 | interest | need | price | importance |
| 29 | full | all | absolute | entire |
| 30 | extremely | definitely | strictly | strongly |
| 31 | since | of | as | from |
| 32 | released | done | prepared | delivered |
Task 6. USE OF ENGLISH
Read the text below. For questions (33–42) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
Ancient Olympic Events
The ancient Olympics were rather different from the modern Games. There were (33) ________ events,andonlyfreemenwho(34) ________ Greek could compete, instead of athletes from any country. Also, the games were always held at Olympia instead of moving around to different sites every time.
Like our Olympics, though, winning athletes were heroes who made their (35) ________ townsproud.OneyoungAtheniannoblemandefendedhis politicalreputationby(36) ________ how he entered seven chariots in the Olympic chariot-race. This high number of entries made both the aristocrat andAthens (37) ________ very wealthy and powerful.
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A | B | C | D |
| 33 | the least | little | the fewest | few |
| 34 | spoke | speak | speaking | speaks |
| 35 | home’s | homes | homes’ | home |
| 36 | mentions | mentioned | mentioning | mention |
| 37 | looks | looked | look | looking |
Enduring Masterpiece
Although it’s known as the Mona Lisa, (38) ________ famous painting was (39) ________ titled La Giaconda. Painted on wood, it’s a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a Florentine merchant.
X-ays (40) ________ that Leonardo sketched three different poses before (41) ________ on the final design. The painting of Lisa has no eyebrows because it was the fashion of the time for women (42)________ them off.
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A | B | C | D |
| 38 | Leonardo’s da Vinci | Leonardo’s da Vinci’s | Leonardo da Vinci | Leonardo da Vinci’s |
| 39 | origin | original | originally | originality |
| 40 | reveals | revealed | are revealed | revealing |
| 41 | settling | settled | to settle | having settled |
| 42 | shave | being shaved | shaved | to shave |
Writing
43. You’ve got a letter from your English pen-friend in which he/she wrote youabout his/her future plans. He/she wants to become an actor. And your friend is sure that this profession will give him/her the opportunity to become famous and make a lot of money. Write a letter to your pen-friend in which say
