uk
enPresent Perfect Active
|
Affirmatives |
Questions |
Negatives |
|||||||
|
I You We They |
have |
Ved or
V3 |
Have |
I you we they |
Ved or
V3 |
I You We They |
have |
not |
Ved or
V3 |
|
He She It |
has |
Has |
he she it |
He She It |
has |
||||
Meanings
Действие происходило в прошлом и на данный момент уже закончилось. В момент речи важен результат данного действия.
Examples
|
Situations and states that started in the past and are still true |
I have been a member of a chorus for over three years. |
|
A series of actions continuing up to now |
She has done a BA, an MA and a PhD so far. |
|
Completed actions at a time in the past which is not important or relevant |
Have you ever borrowed large sums? |
|
Completed actions where the important thing is the present result |
Look! I have bought an automobile. |
|
Actions completed recently |
I have recently got married. |
|
progressive actions up to now with stative verbs |
She has been drunk again the whole day long.”(O.Henry) |
|
finished action at unfinished time |
The plates are clean. I have washed them. I have done a lot today. |
|
experience or accomplishment by now |
" I greatly fear, however, that all he has discovered is death; for this letter came a long while ago, and nobody has heard a single word of the party since. They have totally vanished.(Haggard) |
|
change over time by now |
The political situation has become worse. |
|
uncompleted/unfinished actions by now |
I have not finished my letter yet. |
|
multiple actions/quantitative results up to now |
In it he says that they have gone through many hardships and adventures, but are alive and well…(Haggard) |
|
condition and time clauses |
Call me when you havearranged everything. If you have completed a test, hand them in. |
|
stative verbs for duration |
I have so long wanted this car. |
Tense expressions
- a week ago today
- already
- always
- before
- before
- ever
- ever since
- for
- for the last time
- how long
- in the past year
- it`s the first/second/etc time
- just
- lately
- never
- of late
- over the last few nights
- over the past year
- recently
- since
- since then
- since when
- so far
- still (in negations)
- the last few nights
- this week/month, etc.
- today
- up to now
- (up) until now
- yet, etc.
More examples
Comment on using the following examples in Present Perfect Active.
- You have never told me why you are teased about being house-proud.
- They have heard the witnesses so far.
- He has not been in touch of late.
- I have seen him on the screen rather often of late.
- The rain has stopped. Come out and let’s walk for a while.
- Such commodities have not found the market.
- Have you considered all the risks incident to marketing.
- We have completed all the necessary preparations for their arrival.
- His father has died just a week ago today.(Galsworthy)
- I know where you have spent the day.
- Oh! You have brought something delicious with you.
- You have always had everything you want.
- She has lost sleep over him.
- It stinks here. I have lost my appetite.
- You children have changed a lot. I would not have recognised them.
- Do not haste. I have not read the riddle yet.
- The injured man has lain motionless on his back the whole night through.
- It is the most repulsive mass murderer America has known.
- I have never heard of the most tasteless idea.
- This summer has been cold and wet.
More practice with dual grammar choice
- Her shoes are wet. She’ s been / v’s being all day out.
- I arrived / have arrived to say that there is good news for you.
- Please complete this cheque properly; you are missing / have missed out the date.
- She has never been / being able to save much from her salary.
- The policeman have / has worn his badge proudly for over 20 years.
- I am / have always had to insist on my rightness.
- There has been / was a cloud of black smoke over the city since yesterday.
- He composed / has composed at least eight of his philosophical works so far.
- Send someone over with another key, I've locked / locked myself in by mistake.
- You are so young. Have you had / Did you have any experience?
- What time is it? How long have I slept / am i sleeping?
- I will not say a word before I have had / has had breakfast.
- The company asserts that the cuts have not affected / are not affected development .
- I've survived / am survived till now, and will go on doing so without help from you.
- They usually sleep till the alarm bleeper has / is woken them.
- I have not taken things seriously ever since I was / have been in my parents’ care.
- She has wanted / wants for a long time to have her house refurnished.
- He has not played / did not play chess for ages.
- How many people rang up / have rung up while I've been / being out?
- A small number of firms has / have ceased trading.
