Пробне ЗНО 2011

Task 1. READING

Read the text below. Match choices (A – H) to (1 – 5). There are three choices you do not need to use.

Sports and Life

1. ________

When you play, you might need some new protective gear, including modified shoes (such as those with inserts or arch supports or those designed for use in a particular sport), tapings (tape used to wrap a knee, for example, to provide extra support), knee and elbow braces, and mouth guards. These devices help support and protect your body part from strains, direct blows, and possible injury.

To help prevent injury, be sure to warm up adequately before practice and games. Also, know your limits. If any body part begins to hurt, stop immediately and rest. It’s your body’s way of telling you something is not right. So, play, but try to do the things that can help you avoid getting hurt.

2. ________

Want to get your crew together? A game of hockey, a skating party, or an afternoon of sledding can be a nice change from hanging out at the mall. But before you email those invites, survey the gang. Choose an activity that everyone feels comfortable doing.

3. ________

Ahh, winter! Shorter days. Cold temperatures. Foul weather. Let’s face it, spending the winter alternating between napping in bed and splaying across the couch sounds awfully good. But fight the temptation. Winter sports can help you burn calories, increase your cardiovascular fitness, and strengthen muscles. Activities that are weight-bearing (like cross-country skiing or skating) help build stronger and denser bones. Being outdoors and getting exercise are also great for your mental health. Exercise boosts mood and sunlight seems to help beat back the winter blues. So slap on some sunblock and go! If you need more convincing, remember this: staying in shape during the winter gets you physically ready for springtime activities (and wardrobes).

4. ________

If you’re into sports, you’ve seen it happen. You’ve probably even experienced it: Football players shake hands after four quarters of knocking each other around. Tennis players leap over the net to shake hands with their opponents after a hard-fought match. Soccer players exchange jerseys after an intense 90 minutes' long game. Even boxers touch gloves at the beginning of each round, then hug each other after beating each other into a pulp for 12 rounds. It seems like competitors in every event, from spelling bees to hockey, behave this way. What’s going on?

It’s all part of sportsmanship, a great tradition in sports and competition that means playing clean and handling both victory and defeat with grace, style, and dignity.

5. ________

Good sportsmanship means not having a “win at any cost” attitude. Most athletes who don’t have a “win at any cost” attitude are more likely to talk about how much they love their sport and how much personal satisfaction and enjoyment they get from participation.

Most people won’t go on to play professional sports, and only a few will win scholarships to play at college. But many forget to have a good time during the years they do play because they’re so focused on winning. And, unfortunately, parents and coaches sometimes put too much pressure on athletes, emphasizing winning at all costs. So although it’s great to be a champion, it’s even better to have enjoyed the process of trying to reach the top.

Task 2. READING

Read the text below. For questions (6–10) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Rock Star

In the masculine universe of rock, singer-songwriter Amy Lee fits right in. She brings her goth girl self to the table and to the recording studio, no questions asked. The co-founder and lead vocalist for Evanescence lets her unrelenting strength and sheer determination push through a downpour of adrenaline-amped guitar riffs with her soothing, classically trained piano stylings.

Evanescence brings to the forefront heart-pounding musical compositions fronted by Lee’s ethereal yet reality-crashing vocals. With the debut of their album, The Open Door, Lee views the journey that led her to this point of self-realization. In the world of musical “geniuses”, Lee stands out, simply because she realizes that it’s worth going on your own. Her mantra: trust yourself. Believe in yourself.

In keeping with their tradition of supreme independence, the Little Rock, Arkansas, band didn’t follow the tried and tired route to becoming a stadium pleaser. Ten years back then 14-year-old Lee and former co-founder Ben Moody paired up and focused their energies on creating a new sound. They decided to go on their own and build their band up slowly and fiercely.

Fate didn’t come knocking, but rather it practically blew the door off its hinges in the spring of 2003 when Evanescence’s debut album, Fallen, hit the airwaves. Fallen sold more than 14 million albums globally, and was certified gold or platinum in over 35 countries. And in 2004, Evanescence was nominated for five Grammy Awards. They’ve got two, including the biggie, Best New Artist.

And the Grammy experience? “It feels like you are in high school collecting all of your awards at the end of the year,” Lee laughs. “I really appreciate those who took the time to understand our sound. I was stoked.” When she heard their name called, “I didn’t expect it,” Lee remembers. “I had my shoes off, so, of course, had to put them back on.”

Armed with their second album and its first single, with the title, “Call Me When You’re Sober,” Lee talks about her natural growth as a female artist and coming to terms with her artistic freedom. “I didn’t want to make the same album twice. Now I was allowed to grow and that gave me confidence as an artist.”

Now, with The Open Door, Lee, at the ripe age of 24, is a well seasoned artist who knows exactly what she wants. And that is her advice for women trying to break into the biz, “You have to feel what is right in your heart. If someone is telling you to do something just because it’s good for business, it’s a lie. Just trust yourself; it may take longer, but not everybody knows what they are talking about.”

6. According to the first paragraph, which of the following is true of Amy Lee?

Task 3. READING

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (11–15). There are three choices you do not need to use.

11 _________

These camps offer participants the opportunity to experience several different outdoor adventures during their weeklong program. Activities may include: rock climbing at one of Alabama’s own secluded climbing areas; airing in the Appalachian Mountains of Georgia, Tennessee, or North Carolina; exploring the underground world of caves in Alabama or Georgia, learning the basics of whitewater kayaking on a local whitewater river, and/or whitewater rafting on the Ocoee River in Tennessee! No experience necessary for this adventure of a lifetime! Please refer to the enclosed chart for potential locations and planned activities for each session of this camp… activities WILL vary according to session.

12 _________

The summer of 2003 marked new territory for Cosby Expeditions… the first ever Llama Trek in the mountains of North Carolina! It was a fantastic adventure for the selected few who dared to join us for the week of fun. ET and his fellow llamas carried our essentials, needed for spending 3-days in the beautiful mountains of North Carolina. The Llama Trek also offers adventurers the opportunity to experience several different outdoor activities including rock climbing and whitewater rafting on the Ocoee River in Tennessee! Our week will feature 1 day of rock climbing, 3 days of trekking through the mountains of North Carolina with our llamas, and will end with our adrenaline-filled day of rafting.'

13 _________

This camp is for teens and adults who want to become more effective and efficient in the water sports. Once there, you’ll find stunning scenery and first-class paddling. But first of all the camp will focus on the rafting. With the onset of the spring snowmelt, the area serves up prime-time whitewater rafting. Rafters flock to two rivers in particular: the forest-hemmed Skykomish and the wide-open, sun-drenched Wenatchee. Both offer rollicking fun for participants of all skill levels. Campers will be offered tours on both rivers. Welcome to aquatic nirvana!

14 _________

This camp offers participants the opportunity to learn the basics AND advanced techniques of rock climbing and whitewater kayaking at various outdoor destinations throughout the southeast. This camp is designed for the teen that has a desire to push their limits in multiple adventure sports. Possible destinations may include stops in Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, and North Carolina. Experience is helpful, but not a requirement.

15 _________

This camp is a shortened version of the Appalachian Explorer, and kept a little closer to “home” for those who aren’t interested in a full week of wilderness camping and experiences. This camp will begin at Camp Cosby but will quickly move to the mountains of northern Alabama where campers will spend 2 days backpacking in some of the most beautiful areas of Alabama. The camp will then spend a day rock climbing destinations in the south. No experience necessary for this quick shot of adrenaline!

A participants can enjoy on adventurous water ride in spring

B campers can descend into the caves

C camping trip is included in the program of activities

D participants will acquaint with the underwater sports

E two outdoor activities are on offer for teenagers

F all necessary things will be carried by animals

G campers will be pleased with the perfect sightseeing

H experience is necessary for the adventures

Task 4. READING

Read the text below. Choose from (A–H) the one which best fits each space (16–21).There are two choices you do not need to use.

Choose a Small Pet

By Ginny Morris

When choosing a small pet, consider how much time you have to dedicate to the upkeep of your new companion. Many small mammals are physically easy to care for (16)________.

A lower-maintenance small pet is the fancy rat, which lives about 3 years. Rodents are very social and it’s good to get a pair at a time; just make sure they are the same gender! Rats need grains and meat protein, which can be provided with dry dog food or mealworms. Domestic rats usually aren’t aggressive; (17)________.

Rabbits are also gentle and low-maintenance but they can live at least 10 years, (18)________. Rabbits generally eat pellets and plenty of green vegetables; they will also eat hay. They like to be held but shouldn’t be handled too much the first few days after purchasing, in order to adjust. Rabbits need plenty of out-of-cage exercise; many pet stores carry rabbit leashes, (19)________.

Even small mammals need plenty of space. For any small mammal, choose a cage with a solid bottom rather than a wire one, to prevent injuries to the paws. A rabbit needs a cage or hutch of at least 1 ½ feet wide by 2 ½ feet long, by 2 feet deep. Rabbits can be kept outside but make sure their hutch is well-sheltered. Small mammals need bedding for their homes; shredded paper or paper towels work best. Wood shavings work as well, (20)________. Bedding needs to be changed about 3 times a week.

When choosing a small pet always be sure to look for alert, bright-eyed animals with smooth coats; (21)________, that’s a good sign too.

A if an animal also expresses interest in you

B so they are a serious commitment

C but avoid cedar or pine chips because of the oil they contain

D if brushed with a baby’s hairbrush

E so you can keep your pet close by when outside

F so as social animals they do better in pairs

G but require a lot of attention and affection

H however, make sure you choose a pet from a reputable store or breeder so as not to get bitten

Task 5. READING

Read the text below. For questions (22–33) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

The Mediterranean Diet

Dr Sue Reeves of Roe Hampton University gives some tips on healthy eating

and good living

Many of us are packing and planning for this year's holiday where we will enjoy, sun, sea and good food. But even if you're not (22)________ on holiday this summer there's no reason why you can't eat as if you were in the Mediterranean and enjoy the taste of summer at home. The Mediterranean diet has long been (23)________ for its health benefits and many researchers claim it can help reduce cholesterol and heart disease, promote longevity and even help protect against cancer. It was back in the 1940's that Ancel Keys first noticed the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet. This study showed that men from Crete, where they ate a typically Mediterranean diet, had (24) ________ low levels of heart disease (25)________ a relatively high fat diet when compared to the residents of other countries. This led other researchers to investigate and confirm the health promoting properties of the Mediterranean diet.

The essentials of a Mediterranean diet are eating lots of fresh fruit and vegetables, (26) ________ of cereals and grains, nuts, seeds, beans, herbs, garlic, fish and of course olive oil; all healthy food that can easily be incorporated (27)________ our every day diet. Fruit and vegetables, as well as olive oil, provide lots of antioxidants and it's these that are thought to help protect against cancer. In this country we say everybody (28) ________ aim to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables every day, but in some Mediterranean countries eight portions a day are more usual. Fruit and vegetables not only provide vitamins and minerals, but they are also a good source of fibre, help reduce the (29) ________ of heart disease and some cancers and can help us (30) ________ a healthy body weight. The greater the variety of fruit and vegetables consumed, the greater the benefits. Fresh fruit makes a great dessert, add a bit of Greek yoghurt to make it more interesting and (31) ________ sweets with concentrated sugars and honey to weekly treats.

Small amounts of yoghurt and cheese provide calcium, but dairy products (32) ________ cream and butter are rarely part of the Mediterranean diet. Pasta and rice provide good carbohydrates but do opt for the wholemeal or brown varieties for extra B vitamins and fibre.

Other Mediterranean health tips include buying fresh local seasonal produce, regular physical activity, the (33) ________ glass of red wine and bit of relaxation; all the components for a good holiday home or abroad.

Task 6. USE OF ENGLISH

Read the texts below. For questions (34–39) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

Big Changes in the Anime & Manga World

Monday September 7, 2009

Whether it’s because of the economic recession or something more specific to the industry, the players in the anime and manga world (34)________ some big changes.

Most notably, ADV Films recently announced it (35) ________ its company and sold off key assets to four of its companies. In addition, Tokyopop will (36) ________ distribute Kodansha manga as of August 31, 2009. Instead, those rights have been given to Random House.

And of course, we all (37) ________ about Disney’s acquisition of Marvel Comics... granted, these aren’t anime/manga companies per se, but it is indicative of the trend toward Hollywood’s infatuation with comics and cartoons, anime and manga (38) ________.

After all, we’ve already seen Fox’s live-action version of Dragonball and the live-action version of Cowboy Bebop (starring Keanu Reeves) is definitely in the works... so what’s next?

One thing’s for sure... there’re a lot of changes still (39) ________.

Task 7. USE OF ENGLISH

Read the texts below. For questions (40–45) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

New York Comic Con & Anime Festival Partner Up

Monday September 14, 2009

In a recent press release, Reed Exhibitions announced that the New York Comic Con (40)________ space with the New York Anime Festival in 2010.

Although no specific reasons (41)________, this decision could be the result of the (42)________ economy and the continued decline in anime sales.

Both shows will maintain separate "space" but share the general floor show and - here’s the best part: attendees (43)________ both shows for the price of one.

The 2009 New York Comic Con (44)________ place in February and the Anime Festival is scheduled (45)________ in the same Javits Center on September 25 through the 27th.